Arianda was born in Manhattan, New York, to a Ukrainian family. She grew up in Clifton, New Jersey and Heidelberg, Germany. She received a Master of Fine Arts degree from New York University's Graduate Acting Program in 2009.

Arianda made her Broadway debut in April 2011 in the lead role of Billie Dawn in the Broadway production of Born Yesterday, with James Belushi and Robert Sean Leonard.

She appeared as Vanda in the comedy-drama play Venus in Fur Off-Broadway in 2010. The play transferred to Broadway, the Samuel J. Friedman Theatre, in early November 2011, and she received dazzling reviews.

She has appeared in several films, including Win Win, Tower Heist and Midnight in Paris.